These forms of self-implication can be differentiated within readers' open-ended comments about their reading experiences.The results of a phenomenological study indicate that such metaphors of personal identification are a pivotal feature of expressive enactment, a type of reading experience marked by (1) explicit descriptions of feelings in response to situations and events in the text, (2) blurred boundaries between oneself and the narrator of the text, and (3) active and iterative modification of an emergent affec- tive theme. In another form, which functions like metaphor, the reader becomes identified with some aspect of the world of the text, usually the narrator or a character (A is B). In one form, which functions like simile, there is explicitly recognized similarity between personal memories and some aspect of the world of the text (A is like B). The present article examines two forms of self-implication in literary reading.
Literary reading has the capacity to implicate the self and deepen self- understanding, but little is known about how and when these effects occur. In this article, I will consider ways in which he addresses interpersonal trauma, exploring how we can injure one another through lies and deception, and then become lost to ourselves. In his recent novel, Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage, Murakami (2014) once again offers a traumatic narrative to directly consider issues regarding history and memory through the characters. Many of Murakami’s novels can be seen as traumatic narratives, in which we are offered fragments that are difficult to put together. Haruki Murakami is one author who explicitly and implicitly explores the subterranean terrain of dreams, desire, and unconscious motivation, using his peculiar brand of imaginary fiction to invite us into experiences that cross borders of space and time.
Metaphor pulls the reader into the more experiential aspects of knowing, inviting greater contact with primary process and with affect, in particular. Fiction affords the reader a vicarious experience, an opportunity to engage deeply but with sufficient distance to be able to titrate whatever discomfort is entailed in delving into difficult territories. Literature has long been a means by which writers and readers attempt to make sense of the complexities of human life and experience.
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